Problem solving needs both accessible knowledge and the ability to interpret, plan and reason.
Basic calculations use resources too
Working-memory research helps explain why reconstructing elementary operations can make an already complex task more demanding.[1]
Retrieval is a meaningful component
Arithmetic fact retrieval is associated with mathematical development and can be a point of difficulty for some learners.[2]
How fluency supports reasoning
EEF maths guidance treats problem solving and mathematical connections as explicit priorities. Fluent foundations support that work by making familiar calculations easier to access while the child reasons through the new problem.[3]
相關 Toku 科學頁面
參考文獻
- Mark H. Ashcraft & Jeremy A. Krause (2007). Working memory, math performance, and math anxiety. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review.
- David C. Geary et al. (2011). Fact retrieval deficits in low achieving children and children with mathematical learning disability. Journal of Learning Disabilities.
- Education Endowment Foundation (2017). Improving Mathematics in Key Stages 2 and 3. Guidance Report.