Is remembering a fact enough if a child cannot use it somewhere new?
No. Useful learning has to be accessible beyond the exact practice item. Retrieval practice and mixed practice can support flexible access, but transfer still depends on understanding the underlying mathematical relationships.[1][2]
Toku 如何運用這個原理
Toku can vary question forms and later mix related skills so the same knowledge has to be recognised and used in more than one surface form.
研究發現
為什麼這對您的孩子有幫助
Your child gets practice retrieving a skill without relying on a single repeated wording or obvious cue.
給家長的重點
The end goal is flexible access: having the knowledge available when a different problem needs it.
這也能回答
- does retrieval practice improve transfer
- flexible maths knowledge
- why vary maths questions
- can memorised facts help problem solving
參考文獻
- Henry L. Roediger III & Andrew C. Butler (2011). The critical role of retrieval practice in long-term retention. Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
- Pooja K. Agarwal, Ludmila D. Nunes & Janell R. Blunt (2021). Retrieval practice consistently benefits student learning: a systematic review of applied research in schools and classrooms. Educational Psychology Review.
- Doug Rohrer, Robert F. Dedrick & Sandra Stershic (2015). Interleaved practice improves mathematics learning. Journal of Educational Psychology.
- Education Endowment Foundation (2017). Improving Mathematics in Key Stages 2 and 3. Guidance Report.