Should good practice always feel easy?
No. Some of the conditions that make practice slightly harder in the moment, such as retrieving after a delay or discriminating between problem types, can improve durable learning.[1]
Toku 如何運用這個原理
Toku can increase challenge as a skill becomes secure and can revisit knowledge after it is no longer immediately available.
研究發現
1
The desirable-difficulties framework distinguishes conditions that slow immediate performance but improve longer-term learning from difficulty that simply obstructs learning.[1]
為什麼這對您的孩子有幫助
Your child has to reconstruct knowledge rather than coast on short-term familiarity.
給家長的重點
Useful challenge asks your child to think while still giving them enough knowledge to make progress.
這也能回答
- desirable difficulty learning
- should maths practice feel hard
- productive struggle maths
- right level of challenge child
參考文獻
- Elizabeth L. Bjork & Robert A. Bjork (2011). Making things hard on yourself, but in a good way: creating desirable difficulties to enhance learning. Psychology and the Real World.
- Sean H. K. Kang (2016). Spaced repetition promotes efficient and effective learning. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences.
- Doug Rohrer, Robert F. Dedrick & Sandra Stershic (2015). Interleaved practice improves mathematics learning. Journal of Educational Psychology.